Behaviorism in Practice

Theorists believe behaviors can be learned. In return this means desired behaviors can be strengthened while unwanted behaviors can be eliminated (Laureate Education Inc., 2008). From this came the theory of Behaviorism which focuses on observable behavior that is the response to certain outside stimuli.

In this week’s resources Dr. Orey (2008) mentions the term “programmed instruction”; a stimulus such as an online tutorial. He expresses these as powerful mechanisms which help in managing a classroom. Relating to Dr. Orey’s statements, examples of how to incorporate technology were given in Using Technology with Classroom Instruction that Works such as, “Reinforcing Effort” and “Homework and Practice”.

When working with spreadsheets, students have a concrete visual why they are succeeding or why they are not. Using these tools as the stimulus, illustrates to the students the relationship between effort and achievement; which will ultimately positively reinforce the desired behavior of quality daily output (Pitler, H., Hubbell, E., Kuhn, M., & Malenoski, K., 2007). When using programs such as these, teachers need to be involved just as much as the students are. Effort needs to be put forth by both parties in order for it to be a success, as well as, enduring. Attributing to success, giving personal effort is the only factor in our total control (Pitler, H., Hubbell, E., Kuhn, M., & Malenoski, K., 2007). Reinforcing effort is a quality of a behaviorist as well as a reputable classroom and teacher.

In addition to “Reinforcing Effort” was a section on “Homework and Practice”. Homework should be assigned to review and strengthened what was learned. In order for it to be an enrichment tool, homework must be purposeful and monitored. Pitler, Hubbell, Kuhn, and Malenoski (2007) state when students are working to master a topic it is important for the teacher to correct any errors very quickly, so the student doesn't continue to make the same mistake. Now with new online tutorial programs, immediate feedback is possible with limited teacher effort. Sites such as Study Island (http://www.studyisland.com/) have customized programs for each state’s standards, levels and content areas. Online educational programs such as this are appealing and generate immediate feedback which allows the student, parent and/or teacher to monitor progress towards mastery (Pitler, H., Hubbell, E., Kuhn, M., & Malenoski, K., 2007).

Behaviorism is primarily concerned with observable and measurable aspects of human behavior. Being able to visually observe and measure one’s own grades in reflection to their personal effort is the stimulus a behaviorist is trying to create.

Resources:
Pitler, H., Hubbell, E., Kuhn, M., & Malenoski, K. (2007). Using technology with classroom instruction that works. Alexandria, VA: ASCD.

Orey, M. (Ed.). (2001). Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology. Retrieved from http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/

Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2008). Bridging learning theory, instruction, and technology. “Behaviorist Learning Theory” featuring Dr. Michael Orey. Baltimore: Author.